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June, the first month of the official Atlantic hurricane season, has seen tropical activity in recent times but historically it's not an active month.
Historically, tropical storms or hurricanes rarely form during the entire month of June in the Atlantic Basin. Since modern weather records began, nearly half of all the June’s do not see any named storms.
However, there have been recent exceptions to this general rule, especially the last few years. Last year, Tropical Storm Alex quickly formed in early June. Several tropical storms developed in 2021, including Bill, Claudette, Danny and Elsa. Tropical Storm Ana developed in late May of the same year. The extremely busy 2020 season saw two storms, Cristobal and Dolly form in June, with Arthur and Bertha developing earlier in May.
Tropical development in May, before the official June 1 start, has also become a common occurrence recently.
So far, 2023 has been closer to average in terms of tropical activity, with no storms developing in May. However, we do already have one storm recorded for the year. The National Hurricane Center reassessed a weather system that formed in the Atlantic Basin in mid-January. They determined that this low pressure system that formed off the northeastern coast of the U.S. should be designated as a subtropical storm and therefore, the first tropical system of the year. However, it will not be given a name and the National Hurricane Center will start naming tropical storms from here on out with the first name on the list, which would be “Arlene.”
If a tropical storm or hurricane is to develop in the month of June, it will usually occur in the western Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico or far western Atlantic along the East Coast. Sea-surface temperatures start to warm up enough to feed a developing storm.